虛擬語氣英語怎么說? 那么,虛擬語氣英語怎么說?一起來了解一下吧。
Subjunctive Mood]
中文譯作"虛擬語氣"。它是一種動(dòng)詞形式,表示說話人的某種假設(shè)、愿望、懷疑、猜測(cè)、建議等含義。
語法結(jié)構(gòu)
1.if結(jié)構(gòu)(非真實(shí)條件句——表示的是假設(shè)的或?qū)嶋H可能性不大的情況)
與..事實(shí)相反 If從句 主句
過去 Had done Would* have done
現(xiàn)在 Were/did Would* do
將來 Should do/were/were to do Would* do
wish結(jié)構(gòu)
與..事實(shí)相反
過去 Had done
現(xiàn)在 Were/did
將來 Would+do
should結(jié)構(gòu)
從句中用“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。而且should可以省去。用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有:advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest,intend等。would rather +從句
在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中,從句的謂語動(dòng)詞主語從句中的虛擬語氣
1)It be + 形容詞 + that ...(should)...用過去形式表示虛擬。表語從句、同位語從句中的虛擬語氣
在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要有內(nèi)涵的名詞后面的表語從句、同
位語從句中,要使用虛擬語氣。其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用:should+原形動(dòng)詞。另外連接從句的that不能省
?wish的虛擬語氣的用法,其主要形式有三種:
1、表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬: wish + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞過去式或 were
2、表示對(duì)過去情況的虛擬: wish + 主語 + had + 過去分詞
3、表示對(duì)將來情況的虛擬: wish + 主語 + would + 動(dòng)詞原形
例如:
I wish I knew what was going to happen.
但愿我能知道要發(fā)生什么事。
She wished she had stayed at home.
她懊悔的是她當(dāng)時(shí)要是在家就好了。
I wish I were rich.
我恨不得我很有錢。
would rather后接句子時(shí),句子謂語習(xí)慣上要用虛擬語氣,具體用法為:
1、一般過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?br/>I’d rather you went tomorrow (now).
我寧愿你明天(現(xiàn)在)去。
2、用過去完成時(shí)表過去的愿望
I’d rather you hadn’t said it.
我真希望你沒有這樣說過。
虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀愿望或假想,所說的是一個(gè)條件,不一定是事實(shí),或與事實(shí)相反。
比如說 you are here (你在這)
虛擬形式就是 If you were here。(假如你在)
這個(gè)你得看語法書啊 這個(gè)沒法跟你細(xì)說啊 說不完的 在學(xué)校里老師要講很多呢 你看看書吧 自己看的比我說的要記得清楚一點(diǎn) 好好學(xué)習(xí)
英語中的虛擬語氣用來表示假象,而不表示客觀存在的事實(shí),所說的是一個(gè)條件,而不一定是一個(gè)事實(shí),或與事實(shí)想反。
虛擬語氣,通過位于動(dòng)詞的特殊形式來表示。英語中的虛擬語氣分為陳述語氣,祈使語氣,虛擬語氣三類。
如:IfIwerea bird,Iwould beable toflyinaair.
如果我是只鳥,我就能在空中飛行。 事實(shí)是我并不可能變成一只鳥。
?
答:wish后接that從句,表“(難以)實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望”,后用虛擬語氣,如表示對(duì)過去的愿望,that從句中用had+過去分詞,如:
i wish they had passed the exam, but they filed.
對(duì)現(xiàn)在的愿望,that從句中用一般過去時(shí),如:
he wished that he were (was) a girl now.
對(duì)將來的愿望,that從句中用would, should, might, could+動(dòng)詞原形,如:
i wish i could fly to the moon one day.
would rather接從句,表虛擬,從句中用過去時(shí)態(tài),如:
i would rather he stayed at home.
it is time that后從句中常用過去時(shí),如:
it is time that you planted trees.
"i would rather you had kept the craze, so that you had kept the practice which went with it!"
(托馬斯·哈代《德伯家的苔絲》里的一句話)
用過去完成時(shí)表示太晚了,來不及反悔/改變了.用過去時(shí)表示還能改變.
i'd rather you left right away.
意思就是說如果你現(xiàn)在就離開還來得及.
wish的用法和would rather基本上是一樣的,也可以用過去時(shí).例如:
"there! that's he coming! how i wish you were not here!--that is, how awkward--dear, dear!" she exclaimed, with a quick ascent of blood to her face, and irritated with dick rather than the vicar, as it seemed.
(托馬斯·哈代《卡斯特橋市長》)
這里”how i wish you were not here!”用的就是過去時(shí).
wish和would rather都可以在后面加would,應(yīng)該是從將來時(shí)推過來的.例如:
i would rather you would say that the greatest asset the kremlin has is the present approach of those in the senate who are trying to sabotage the bipartisan foreign policy.
(杜魯門總統(tǒng)在美國國會(huì)作證時(shí)的答話.)
所以
i'd rather you would leave right away.
i wish you would leave right way.
i'd rather you left right away.
i wish you left right away.
謝謝!
以上就是虛擬語氣英語怎么說的全部內(nèi)容。